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Home Opinion

When nudges become shoves

Behavioural science has given us powerful tools to guide consumer decisions – tools that, in the right context, can help people make better choices. But when wielded by institutions with commercial interests, these tools can just as easily become instruments of manipulation.

by Keith Cullen
May 12, 2025
in Opinion
Reading Time: 3 mins read
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Nowhere is this more dangerous than in the context of retirement income – and the growing push by some superannuation funds to “nudge” members towards their own in-house products.

Under the Retirement Income Covenant, super funds are obligated to help members plan for income in retirement. That’s an important step forward. But we must be crystal-clear: helping is not the same as steering. And yet, if they have their way through proposed legislative reforms through the design of online portals, pre-filled journeys, default pathways and selective framing, funds will be able to guide members toward retirement income solutions that are profitable for the fund and ensure member and FuA retention – regardless of whether they are the best fit for the member.

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Let’s not pretend nudges will be neutral. In commercial propaganda terms, they are based on deep behavioural insights: that people avoid complexity, default to what’s familiar and tend to follow the path of least resistance. In a market where many retirees won’t seek personal advice, a carefully designed nudge can easily become a hidden shove.

The result? A system where members are quietly funnelled into vertically integrated products, with little exposure to alternatives in the market. This undermines competition, weakens innovation and risks poorer outcomes for retirees. Worse, it erodes trust – because the member may not even realise a commercial interest influenced their “choice”.

Couple this with a proposed “new class of adviser” and “collective charging of fees” to all members regardless of whether they access the available “advice” resources or not and we have a recipe for consumer disaster. If this sounds like “back to the future” to many in the advice profession – to the days of institutionalised, conflicted advice in a vertically integrated sector – that’s probably because it is.

Funds will argue they are simply wanting to make the process easier. But ease cannot come at the expense of fairness. The solution is not to block funds from offering retirement products, but to separate product promotion from fiduciary guidance. Funds must be prevented from using member engagement tools to privilege their own offerings. Disclosure is not enough – because nudges don’t operate in the realm of rational decision making.

We need more than guardrails. Communications that involve product recommendations must trigger the same consumer protections that apply in the advice framework. Members should be explicitly encouraged to consider alternatives – ideally through independent comparison tools or with access to licensed advice outside of a vertically integrated model. Where nudges are deployed, they must be monitored, regulated, and above all, transparent.

The super system must act in the best interests of members – not in the best interests of vertically integrated product manufacturers whether in the industry or retail sector.

The PM has decided to entrust Daniel Mulino with the Assistant Treasurer and Financial Services portfolio, let’s hope he realises that we cannot afford to let the quiet power of nudging become the next front in the erosion of consumer protections.

In retirement, Australians deserve autonomy – not behavioural manipulation masquerading as guidance.

Keith Cullen, CEO, WT Financial Group

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Comments 7

  1. Ropeable says:
    6 months ago

    Nudge Nudge, Wink Wink,
    Say no more.

    Reply
  2. Peter Swan says:
    6 months ago

    Cullen’s piece cuts to the heart of what’s at stake when behavioural tools are used not to inform, but to manipulate. It’s essential to recognise what the long-term vision of industry super truly is: not just to manage retirement savings, but to control them indefinitely. With their vast funds under management, industry super funds already have enormous market power—but what sets them apart is their alignment with ideological allies across the media, bureaucracy, and policymaking apparatus. Together, they can shape narratives, influence regulation, and wage sustained campaigns—both in public discourse and through legislative means—against independent advisers and retail fund managers who threaten their model.

    This is not a new playbook. Industry super has spent the last two decades methodically closing the walls around its ecosystem. From the early days of “Compare the Pair” advertising, designed to discredit the retail sector, to backing the removal of trail commissions under the guise of reform, their strategy has always been about consolidating flow and locking in funds for life. And now, with retirement planning under the spotlight, they’ve identified the next frontier: turning guidance into a retention mechanism through digital defaults, nudges, and vertically integrated advice cloaked in consumer-friendly language.

    Cullen is right to call out the hypocrisy. The same institutions that argued for the removal of commissions now propose “collective charging”—a dressed-up version of trail commissions, except this time they’re compulsory and invisible. The risk here isn’t just commercial imbalance—it’s the erosion of consumer autonomy under the guise of behavioural efficiency. If nudges are allowed to become shoves, and product sales masquerade as guidance, Australians will be shepherded not toward the best outcomes, but toward outcomes that serve the industry funds’ bottom line. This is not fiduciary duty—it’s empire building.

    Reply
    • Chris T. says:
      6 months ago

      “Australians will be shepherded not toward the best outcomes, but toward outcomes that serve the industry funds’ bottom line”….along with the Australian Labour Party, Treasury, regulators & WEF.

      Reply
  3. A disgrace. says:
    6 months ago

    Vertical Interation.
    Conflicted Advice.
    Fee for no service.
    Where is ASIC ?
    Where is the MSM ?

    Reply
  4. Anonymous says:
    6 months ago

    Poetry

    Reply
  5. Good luck says:
    6 months ago

    Thanks Keith well said the only problem with your request is that the ISA have a new union friendly lawyer with a PhD appointed as the latest FS minister today…

    Reply
    • Old risky says:
      6 months ago

      You can best your last dollar our new man has the seal of approval from the good old boys at ISA

      Its called bang for your electoral donation buck

      Reply

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